Cardiovascular risk with long-term

use of proton pump inhibitors

Trukhan D.I.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective drugs for the treatment of acid-dependent diseases. From gastroenterological practice, PPIs are being actively introduced into other specialties, particularly cardiology and rheumatology, where they are used to protect the gastrointestinal mucosa and prevent gastrointestinal bleeding during long-term antithrombotic therapy and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Objective of this review is to present and analyze data from international and national studies on the presence of cardiovascular risk with long-term PPI use.

Material and methods. The article uses materials from peer-reviewed articles published in PubMed, Scopus, and e-library.ru from 2013 to 2025 using the keywords: proton pump inhibitors, cardiovascular risk, myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, stroke, arrhythmias,

rhabdomyolysis.

Results. In the current decade, a number of international reviews have been published examining the associations between long-term PPI use and a range of diseases/conditions, including the cardiovascular risk associated with their use. The data presented in the review suggest a possible

association between long-term PPI use and the development of myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, stroke, and cardiac arrhythmias.

Conclusion. Increasing awareness among physicians and patients about the appropriate use of PPIs and knowledge of the adverse effects of long-term therapy will optimize the use of these drugs in real clinical practice, especially in comorbid patients with cardiovascular disease.

Keywords: proton pump inhibitors, cardiovascular risk, myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, stroke, arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis.

For citation: Trukhan D.I. Cardiovascular risk with longterm use of proton pump inhibitors. International Heart and Vascular Disease Journal. 2026. 14(50): 41-48. DOI: 10.24412/2311-1623-2026-50-48-56